利用dlib进行图片换脸

2016-12-17

在使用文中的python代码时，需要准备好一个face_landmarks的特征库，这个特征库属于dlib的一部分，可以在这里下载

开始前需要先将依赖库将好，我使用的是fedora+python2，可以直接使用dnf来安装。

1
2
3

dnf install python2-numpy
dnf install python2-dlib
dnf install opencv-python

示例中的图片谷歌了一个，也使用了同样的人物头像，如下

然后直接输入face_landmark_detection的路径，以及两位主角的图片路径作为参数，启动python脚本即可。

过程中可能会遇到以下的几个问题：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File “./face_change.py”, line 156, in
im1, landmarks1 = read_im_and_landmarks(sys.argv[1])
IndexError: list index out of range

这是没有正确地传入参数。

Traceback (most recent call last):
File “./face_change.py”, line 168, in
warped_corrected_im2 = correct_colours(im1, warped_im2, landmarks1)
File “./face_change.py”, line 151, in correct_colours
im2_blur += 128 * (im2_blur <= 1.0)
TypeError: Cannot cast ufunc add output from dtype(‘int64’) to dtype(‘uint8’) with casting rule ‘same_kind’

由于我使用的是64位系统，所以显示”dtype(‘int64’) to dtype(‘uint8’)”,如果是32位的可能会显示“dtype(‘int32’) to dtype(‘uint8’)”，这是类型转换的问题，需要将

 .....
 im2_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(im2, (blur_amount, blur_amount), 0)

 # Avoid divide-by-zero errors.
** im2_blur += 128 * (im2_blur <= 1.0)**

 return (im2.astype(numpy.float64) * im1_blur.astype(numpy.float64) /
 .....

修改为

.....
im2_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(im2, (blur_amount, blur_amount), 0)

# Avoid divide-by-zero errors.
**im2_blur += (128 * (im2_blur <= 1.0)).astype(im2_blur.dtype)**

return (im2.astype(numpy.float64) * im1_blur.astype(numpy.float64) 
.....

修改后的完整代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/python

import cv2
import dlib
import numpy

import sys

PREDICTOR_PATH = sys.argv[1]
SCALE_FACTOR = 1 
FEATHER_AMOUNT = 11

FACE_POINTS = list(range(17, 68))
MOUTH_POINTS = list(range(48, 61))
RIGHT_BROW_POINTS = list(range(17, 22))
LEFT_BROW_POINTS = list(range(22, 27))
RIGHT_EYE_POINTS = list(range(36, 42))
LEFT_EYE_POINTS = list(range(42, 48))
NOSE_POINTS = list(range(27, 35))
JAW_POINTS = list(range(0, 17))

# Points used to line up the images.
ALIGN_POINTS = (LEFT_BROW_POINTS + RIGHT_EYE_POINTS + LEFT_EYE_POINTS +
                               RIGHT_BROW_POINTS + NOSE_POINTS + MOUTH_POINTS)

# Points from the second image to overlay on the first. The convex hull of each
# element will be overlaid.
OVERLAY_POINTS = [
    LEFT_EYE_POINTS + RIGHT_EYE_POINTS + LEFT_BROW_POINTS + RIGHT_BROW_POINTS,
    NOSE_POINTS + MOUTH_POINTS,
]

# Amount of blur to use during colour correction, as a fraction of the
# pupillary distance.
COLOUR_CORRECT_BLUR_FRAC = 0.6

detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor(PREDICTOR_PATH)

class TooManyFaces(Exception):
    pass

class NoFaces(Exception):
    pass

def get_landmarks(im):
    rects = detector(im, 1)

    if len(rects) > 1:
        raise TooManyFaces
    if len(rects) == 0:
        raise NoFaces

    return numpy.matrix([[p.x, p.y] for p in predictor(im, rects[0]).parts()])

def annotate_landmarks(im, landmarks):
    im = im.copy()
    for idx, point in enumerate(landmarks):
        pos = (point[0, 0], point[0, 1])
        cv2.putText(im, str(idx), pos,
                    fontFace=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_SIMPLEX,
                    fontScale=0.4,
                    color=(0, 0, 255))
        cv2.circle(im, pos, 3, color=(0, 255, 255))
    return im

def draw_convex_hull(im, points, color):
    points = cv2.convexHull(points)
    cv2.fillConvexPoly(im, points, color=color)

def get_face_mask(im, landmarks):
    im = numpy.zeros(im.shape[:2], dtype=numpy.float64)

    for group in OVERLAY_POINTS:
        draw_convex_hull(im,
                         landmarks[group],
                         color=1)

    im = numpy.array([im, im, im]).transpose((1, 2, 0))

    im = (cv2.GaussianBlur(im, (FEATHER_AMOUNT, FEATHER_AMOUNT), 0) > 0) * 1.0
    im = cv2.GaussianBlur(im, (FEATHER_AMOUNT, FEATHER_AMOUNT), 0)

    return im

def transformation_from_points(points1, points2):
    """
    Return an affine transformation [s * R | T] such that:
        sum ||s*R*p1,i + T - p2,i||^2
    is minimized.
    """
    # Solve the procrustes problem by subtracting centroids, scaling by the
    # standard deviation, and then using the SVD to calculate the rotation. See
    # the following for more details:
    #   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_Procrustes_problem

    points1 = points1.astype(numpy.float64)
    points2 = points2.astype(numpy.float64)

    c1 = numpy.mean(points1, axis=0)
    c2 = numpy.mean(points2, axis=0)
    points1 -= c1
    points2 -= c2

    s1 = numpy.std(points1)
    s2 = numpy.std(points2)
    points1 /= s1
    points2 /= s2

    U, S, Vt = numpy.linalg.svd(points1.T * points2)

    # The R we seek is in fact the transpose of the one given by U * Vt. This
    # is because the above formulation assumes the matrix goes on the right
    # (with row vectors) where as our solution requires the matrix to be on the
    # left (with column vectors).
    R = (U * Vt).T

    return numpy.vstack([numpy.hstack(((s2 / s1) * R,
                                       c2.T - (s2 / s1) * R * c1.T)),
                         numpy.matrix([0., 0., 1.])])

def read_im_and_landmarks(fname):
    im = cv2.imread(fname, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
    im = cv2.resize(im, (im.shape[1] * SCALE_FACTOR,
                         im.shape[0] * SCALE_FACTOR))
    s = get_landmarks(im)

    return im, s

def warp_im(im, M, dshape):
    output_im = numpy.zeros(dshape, dtype=im.dtype)
    cv2.warpAffine(im,
                   M[:2],
                   (dshape[1], dshape[0]),
                   dst=output_im,
                   borderMode=cv2.BORDER_TRANSPARENT,
                   flags=cv2.WARP_INVERSE_MAP)
    return output_im

def correct_colours(im1, im2, landmarks1):
    blur_amount = COLOUR_CORRECT_BLUR_FRAC * numpy.linalg.norm(
                              numpy.mean(landmarks1[LEFT_EYE_POINTS], axis=0) -
                              numpy.mean(landmarks1[RIGHT_EYE_POINTS], axis=0))
    blur_amount = int(blur_amount)
    if blur_amount % 2 == 0:
        blur_amount += 1
    im1_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(im1, (blur_amount, blur_amount), 0)
    im2_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(im2, (blur_amount, blur_amount), 0)

    # Avoid divide-by-zero errors.
    im2_blur += (128 * (im2_blur <= 1.0)).astype(im2_blur.dtype)

    return (im2.astype(numpy.float64) * im1_blur.astype(numpy.float64) /
                                                im2_blur.astype(numpy.float64))

im1, landmarks1 = read_im_and_landmarks(sys.argv[2])
im2, landmarks2 = read_im_and_landmarks(sys.argv[3])

M = transformation_from_points(landmarks1[ALIGN_POINTS],
                               landmarks2[ALIGN_POINTS])

mask = get_face_mask(im2, landmarks2)
warped_mask = warp_im(mask, M, im1.shape)
combined_mask = numpy.max([get_face_mask(im1, landmarks1), warped_mask],
                          axis=0)

warped_im2 = warp_im(im2, M, im1.shape)
warped_corrected_im2 = correct_colours(im1, warped_im2, landmarks1)

output_im = im1 * (1.0 - combined_mask) + warped_corrected_im2 * combined_mask

cv2.imwrite('output.jpg', output_im)

输入命令：

./xxx.py {landmarks} {pic1} {pic2}

最终会在同目录生成一个output.jpg，上述pic1与pic2的位置可换，使用pic2的脸，使用pic1的其他，生成的两张图片如下：
](/uploads/2016/12/output.jpg)